What does ominous octet mean?
Type 2 diabetes actually contains 8 different defects in sugar metabolism that lead to high blood sugars. This has been referred to as the “Ominous Octet”.
How much β cell function may already have been lost by the time of type 2 diabetes diagnosis?
At the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, β-cell function is typically reduced to 50% of normal by HOMA modeling and to a greater extent on dynamic testing (1,18).
What are the core defects of diabetes?
Insulin resistance in muscle and liver and impaired insulin secretion represent the core defects in type 2 diabetes (1).
How do incretins work?
Incretins are a group of metabolic hormones that stimulate a decrease in blood glucose levels. Incretins are released after eating and augment the secretion of insulin released from pancreatic beta cells of the islets of Langerhans by a blood glucose-dependent mechanism.
What is the ominous octet in diabetes?
In his 2008 Banting lecture to the American Diabetes Association 68th Scientific Sessions, Prof Ralph DeFronzo proposed an “ominous octet” of eight factors that contributed to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes: decreased insulin secretion, decreased incretin effect, increased lipolysis, increased glucose …
Which country has largest number of diabetes patients in the world?
China leads the list with over 116 million diabetics. On International Diabetes Day, the International Diabetes Foundation Diabetes Atlas makes it clear India needs to pause and re-evaluate its strategy to combat diabetes.
What are the major complications of DM?
Possible complications include:
- Cardiovascular disease.
- Nerve damage (neuropathy).
- Kidney damage (nephropathy).
- Eye damage (retinopathy).
- Foot damage.
- Skin conditions.
- Hearing impairment.
- Alzheimer’s disease.