How can virtue be acquired?
How does a person develop virtues? Virtues are developed through learning and through practice. As the ancient philosopher Aristotle suggested, a person can improve his or her character by practicing self-discipline, while a good character can be corrupted by repeated self-indulgence.
What is Kantian formalism quizlet?
Kantian formalism. Theory that knowledge is the result of the interaction between the mind and sensation and is structured by regulative ideas called categories; also known as Kantian idealism and transcendental idealism.
What is Kantian formalism?
A theory of ethics holding that moral value is determined by formal, and not material, considerations. Immanuel kant is the classic example of a formalist. For him nothing can possibly be conceived as an absolute good, except a good will.
What does higher good mean?
Higher good is a “good” that is shared and beneficial for all (or most) members of a given community. An example might be an art collector donating their collections to a public museum so all could enjoy the artwork rather than just those privileged enough to see it in private.
What is the categorical imperative quizlet?
What is the categorical imperative? The categorical imperative is the idea that you do something because it is your moral commands, and you are told to do them and they are not dependant on anything else. Kant said it will show if an action is being judged with pure reason.
What all things aim?
All things aim at some good, and the good can rightly be defined as that at which all things aim (NE 1094a 1-3). The only good or end at which human beings aim, in and of itself, is happiness, and humans aim at all subordinate goods (wealth, honor, power) for the sake of happiness.
What is the highest good in philosophy?
Summum bonum is a Latin expression meaning the highest or ultimate good, which was introduced by the Roman philosopher Cicero to denote the fundamental principle on which some system of ethics is based — that is, the aim of actions, which, if consistently pursued, will lead to the best possible life.
What is the Telos?
The Greek term telos refers to what we might call a purpose, goal, end or true final function of an object. Indeed, those of you studying Aristotle in units related to the Philosophy of Religion may recognise the link between Aristotle’s general teleological worldview and his study of ethics.
What goal is both final and self sufficient?
Happiness
What is a formalist approach to literature?
The formalistic approach to literature examines a text by its “organic form” – its setting, theme, scene, narrative, image and symbol. It is often referred as “a scientific approach to literature,” because it advocates methodical and systematic readings of texts.
How do you criticize formalism?
Reading as a Formalist critic
- Must first be a close or careful reader who examines all the elements of a text individually.
- Questions how they come together to create a work of art.
- Respects the autonomy of work.
- Achieves understanding of it by looking inside it, not outside or beyond.
- Allow the text to reveal itself.
What is Kant’s term for the world as we experience it?
Phenomenal reality
Did Kant agree with Aristotle?
Abstract. The traditional view of the relationship between the moral theories of Aristotle and Kant is that the two were fundamentally opposed to each other. Kant not only radically rejected Aristotle’s eudaimonism, but he was also opposed to virtue as a fundamental ethical category.
What does formalism mean?
1 : the practice or the doctrine of strict adherence to prescribed or external forms (as in religion or art) also : an instance of this. 2 : marked attention to arrangement, style, or artistic means (as in art or literature) usually with corresponding de-emphasis of content.
What is formalism approach?
Formalism may be defined as a critical approach in which the text under discussion is considered primarily as a structure of words. That is, the main focus is on the arrangement of language, rather than on the implications of the words, or on the biographical and historical relevance of the work in question.
What is the highest of all goods achievable by action?
both the general run of men and people of superior refinement say that [the highest of all goods achievable by action] is happiness, and identify living well and doing well with being happy; but with regard to what happiness is they differ, and the many do not give the same account as the wise.
What is the highest good in life?
Happiness is the highest good because we choose happiness as an end sufficient in itself. Even intelligence and virtue are not good only in themselves, but good also because they make us happy. We call people “good” if they perform their function well.
What is a good in philosophy?
In most contexts, the concept of good denotes the conduct that should be preferred when posed with a choice between possible actions. Good is generally considered to be the opposite of evil, and is of interest in the study of morality, ethics, religion and philosophy.