What is Daniel Stufflebeam evaluation model?
The CIPP model was created in the 1960s by Daniel Stufflebeam[1] and is considered a decision-oriented model that systematically collects information about a program to identify strengths and limitations in content or delivery, to improve program effectiveness or plan for the future of a program.
What is the CIPP model used for?
The CIPP Model (Context, Input, Process, and Product) can be used for both type of evaluation, summative and formative. The most important thing about this model is that it provides the holistic view of every element by evaluating context, input, process and output from each and every angle.
What are the strong points of the CIPP model?
One of the strengths of CIPP model is, especially, that it is a useful and simple tool for helping evaluators produce questions of vital importance to be asked in an evaluation process. Evaluators can determine lots of questions for each component of the CIPP model.
What is CIPP model in program evaluation?
CIPP evaluation model is a Program evaluation model which was developed by Daniel Stufflebeam and colleagues in the 1960s. CIPP is an acronym for Context, Input, Process and Product. CIPP is an evaluation model that requires the evaluation of context, input, process and product in judging a programme’s value.
What is Tyler model?
The Tyler Model, developed by Ralph Tyler in the 1940’s, is the quintessential prototype of curriculum development in the scientific approach. Originally, he wrote down his ideas in a book Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction for his students to give them an idea about principles for to making curriculum.
What are the 4 curriculum evaluation models?
According to the CIPP model, evaluation is divided into four main categories, namely, Context Evaluation, Input Evaluation, Process Evaluation and Product Evaluation (Rathy, n.d).
Who is Tyler curriculum?
What is Tyler’s model?
The Tyler model is comprised of four major parts. These are: 1) defining objectives of the learning experience; 2) identifying learning activities for meeting the defined objectives; 3) organizing the learning activities for attaining the defined objectives; and 4) evaluating and assessing the learning experiences.
When do we need the theory of relativity?
Applications of Relativity. The theory of relativity is required whenever we study objects that are either (a) moving in a strong gravitational field, or (b) moving near the speed of light. If (b) is true but not (a), we can get away with using a simpler version of the theory called special relativity; historically,…
When did Einstein postulate the theory of general relativity?
Introduction General Relativity is the classical theory that describes the evolution of systems under the e ect of gravity. Its history goes back to 1915 when Einstein postulated that the laws of gravity can be expressed as a system of equations, the so-called Einstein equations.
Which is the next lecture on general relativity?
Next the Lagrangian formula- tion of the Einstein equations will be presented. We will formally de\\fne the notion of black holes and prove the incompleteness theorem of Penrose (also known as singularity theorem). The topology of general black holes will also be investigated.
How is the Universe related to special relativity?
Special Relativity In both past and modern viewpoints, the universe is considered to be a continuum composed of events, where each event can be thought of as a point in space at an instant of time. We will refer to this continuum as the spacetime.