What are the causes of anorectal malformation?
What causes anorectal malformations?
- VACTERL association (a syndrome in which there are vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheal, esophageal, renal and limb abnormalities)
- digestive system abnormalities.
- urinary tract abnormalities.
- abnormalities of the spine.
What are the anorectal malformations?
Anorectal malformations are birth defects in which the anus and rectum (the lower end of the digestive tract) don’t develop properly. They occur in an estimated 1 in 4,000 newborns and can range from mild to complex.
What is the most common type of anorectal malformation?
The majority of male patients with an anorectal malformation have some form of connection to the urinary system, or a recto-urethral fistula (approximately 70% of this patient population). The most common type of anorectal malformation in female patients is a recto-vestibular fistula.
What are the signs of anorectal malformation?
Symptoms
- Lack of stool.
- Stool coming from the vagina.
- Urine coming from the anus.
- Trouble having a bowel movement, or constipation.
How is anorectal malformation treated?
Doctors treat anorectal malformations with surgery. The type of surgery depends on the location and type of malformation. Doctors often perform surgery in the first few days after the baby is born. In some cases, doctors can repair the anorectal malformation with one operation.
Is anorectal malformation hereditary?
The cause of anorectal malformations is generally unknown. In rare cases, it results from an autosomal recessive inheritance, when each parent unknowingly carries a gene for this condition and both copies are passed to the child.
What type of colostomy is used for the management of anorectal malformation in a neonate?
The pediatric colostomy is used as an imperforate anus repair to divert the fecal stream and thereby allow passage of stool into a stoma bag. It also is important to protect the surrounding area for future reconstructive surgery.
What is anorectal treatment?
In case of an internal rectal prolapse, defecography is required. In some cases of very minor, early prolapse, treatment can begin at home with the use of stool softeners and by pushing the fallen tissue back into the anus by hand. There are several surgical approaches to repair prolapse.
Why do kids have colostomy with anorectal malformations?
Colostomy for patients with anorectal malformations decompresses an obstructed colon, avoids fecal contamination of the urinary tract, and protects a future perineal operation. The procedure is associated with several significant complications.
What are anorectal symptoms?
PRURITUS ANI. Pruritus ani is an extremely common symptom and is associated with a wide range of mechanical, dermatologic, infectious, systemic and other conditions (Table 1).