Can anxiety cause T wave flattening?
The researchers found that elevated depressive symptoms were associated with increased odds of T-wave inversion, after multivariable adjustment (odds ratio, 2.02; P = 0.001), while greater trait anxiety was associated with reduced odds of T-wave inversion (odds ratio, 0.47; P = 0.003).
What does wave t represent on ECG?
Introduction. The T wave on the ECG (T-ECG) represents repolarization of the ventricular myocardium. Its morphology and duration are commonly used to diagnose pathology and assess risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.
What does the T waveform represent?
The T wave represents ventricular repolarization. Generally, the T wave exhibits a positive deflection. The reason for this is that the last cells to depolarize in the ventricles are the first to repolarize.
What causes abnormal T wave?
Primary T-wave abnormalities (ischemia or injury) are due to alterations in myocardial cellular electrophysiology and secondary T-wave abnormalities (bundle branch block or ventricular Hypertrophy) are subsequent to alterations of sequence of ventricular activation.
Is Flat T wave normal?
In normal adults, T wave inversions are less commonly found, but can be normal from V1 to V3. The depth of the T wave also becomes progressively shallow from one to the next lead. The height of the T wave should not exceed 5 mm in limb leads and more than 10 mm in precordial leads.
What is abnormal T wave?
T‐wave abnormalities in the setting of non‐ ST ‐segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are related to the presence of myocardial edema. High specificity of this ECG alteration identifies a change in ischemic myocardium associated with worse outcomes that is potentially reversible.
Is Flat T-wave normal?
V1: Inverted or flat T-wave is rather common, particularly in women. The inversion is concordant with the QRS complex.
How long is a normal T-wave?
The DURATION of the T Wave is 0.10 to 0.25 seconds or greater. The AMPLITUDE of the T Wave is less than 5 mm. The SHAPE of the T Wave is sharply or bluntly rounded and slightly asymmetrical. A T Wave always follows a QRS Complex.
What is negative T wave?
The T wave represents ventricular repolarization. T waves are normally positive, but negative T waves are normal findings in leads aVR and V1 (and in young people, in V2). The causes of pathologic T-wave inversion include myocardial ischemia and infarction, ventricular strain, and treatment with digoxin.
What is a normal T wave?
Normal T waves are upright in leads I, II, and V3-V6, inverted in AVR. Less than five mm in limb leads, less than ten mm in precordial leads, and variable presentations in III, AVL, AVF, and V1-V2. [2] This graphical depiction on ECG is associated with lead placement and the electrical pathways of the heart.