What is the most common isotope of samarium?
Naturally occurring samarium (62Sm) is composed of five stable isotopes, 144Sm, 149Sm, 150Sm, 152Sm and 154Sm, and two extremely long-lived radioisotopes, 147Sm (half life: 1.06×1011 y) and 148Sm (7×1015 y), with 152Sm being the most abundant (26.75% natural abundance).
What are some compounds that are made from samarium?
Samarium is used to dope calcium chloride crystals for use in optical lasers. It is also used in infrared absorbing glass and as a neutron absorber in nuclear reactors. Samarium oxide finds specialised use in glass and ceramics.
How many isotopes does gadolinium have?
17 isotopes
Natural gadolinium is a mixture of seven isotopes, but 17 isotopes of gadolinium are now recognized. Although two of these, 155Gd and 157Gd, have excellent capture characteristics, they are only present naturally in low concentrations.
What are the characteristics of samarium?
Characteristics: Samarium is a bright, fairly hard, silvery white metal. It is one of the lanthanide rare earth metals. It is stable in air at normal temperatures, but ignites in air when the temperature is 150 oC or higher.
Is TM radioactive?
Natural thulium is wholly composed of the stable isotope thulium-169. Bombarded by neutrons, natural thulium becomes radioactive thulium-170 (128.6-day half-life), which ejects soft gamma radiation with wavelength commensurate with laboratory hard X-ray sources.
Is samarium shiny or dull?
Samarium is a chemical element with the symbol Sm and atomic number 62. It is a moderately hard silvery metal that slowly oxidizes in air.
How long does gadolinium stay in the body?
With normal kidney function, most of the gadolinium is removed from your body in the urine within 24 hours. If you have acute renal failure or severe chronic kidney disease and receive a gadolinium-based contrast agent, there may be a very small risk of developing a rare condition.
Is samarium found in the human body?
Tiny amounts of samarium are found in the human body – about 50 mg – but it has no biological role. That hasn’t stopped it being used in medical treatment, however. The isotope samarium-153 is a beta-emitter with a half-life of two days.
What are 3 uses for thulium?
Thulium has been used to create lasers. When stable thulium (Tm-169) is bombarded in a nuclear reactor it can later serve as a radiation source in portable X-ray devices. It also has potential use in ceramic magnetic materials called ferrites, which are used in microwave equipment.