What is pathophysiology of gastroenteritis?

What is pathophysiology of gastroenteritis?

The 2 primary mechanisms responsible for acute gastroenteritis are (1) damage to the villous brush border of the intestine, causing malabsorption of intestinal contents and leading to an osmotic diarrhea, and (2) the release of toxins that bind to specific enterocyte receptors and cause the release of chloride ions …

What is gastroenteritis Pubmed?

Abstract. Acute gastroenteritis is a common infectious disease syndrome, causing a combination of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. There are more than 350 million cases of acute gastroenteritis in the United States annually and 48 million of these cases are caused by foodborne bacteria.

What causes gastroenteritis?

Salmonella and campylobacter bacteria are the most common bacterial causes of gastroenteritis in the U.S. and are usually spread by undercooked poultry, eggs, or poultry juices. Salmonella can also be spread through pet reptiles or live poultry. Another bacteria, shigella, is often passed around in day care centers.

What is gastroenteritis Medscape?

Gastroenteritis is a nonspecific term for various pathologic states of the gastrointestinal tract. The primary manifestation is diarrhea, but it may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

What is the best home remedy for gastroenteritis?

Drink plenty of liquid every day, taking small, frequent sips. Ease back into eating. Gradually begin to eat bland, easy-to-digest foods, such as soda crackers, toast, gelatin, bananas, rice and chicken. Stop eating if your nausea returns.

Can antibiotics cure gastroenteritis?

Antibiotics work to cure some forms of bacterial gastroenteritis within a few days. You may need additional treatment to replace the fluids and electrolytes in your body. This will depend on the severity of your illness. In some cases, you may need IV fluid replacement.

Which antibiotic is best for gastroenteritis?

Most mild infections will recover without antibiotics. Moderate to severe cases should be treated with antibiotics. Ampicillin is preferred for drug-sensitive strains. For ampicillin-resistant strains or in cases of penicillin allergy, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the drug of choice, although resistance does occur.