What is the difference between Homosynaptic and Heterosynaptic LTP?
Homosynaptic plasticity refers to changes of transmission at synapses that were activated during the induction (red inputs). Heterosynaptic plasticity—changes at synapses that were not active during the induction (black inputs, green question marks).
What is Heterosynaptic depression?
Abstract. Heterosynaptic long-term depression (hLTD) at untetanized synapses accompanying the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) spatially sharpens the activity-induced synaptic potentiation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.
What is homosynaptic long-term potentiation?
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is an enhancement of synaptic strength that may contribute to information storage in the mammalian brain. In contrast, LFS applied just before E-LTP (homosynaptically or heterosynaptically) prevented synaptic tagging, and capture of L-LTP expression.
What is associative long-term potentiation?
Definition. Long-lasting increase in the efficacy of synaptic transmission, induced in an input that is active when LTP-inducing high-frequency stimulation is applied to another independent strong input.
What causes presynaptic inhibition?
Presynaptic inhibition is a phenomenon in which an inhibitory neuron provides synaptic input to the axon of another neuron (axo-axonal synapse) to make it less likely to fire an action potential. Presynaptic inhibition occurs when an inhibitory neurotransmitter, like GABA, acts on GABA receptors on the axon terminal.
What is Axodendritic synapse?
Axodendritic synapses, probably the most prominent kind of synapses, are synapses that one neuron makes onto the dendrite of another neuron. Axoaxonic synapses are synapses made by one neuron onto the synapse of another neuron.
What is synaptic homeostatic plasticity?
Homeostatic synaptic plasticity is a means of maintaining the synaptic basis for learning, respiration, and locomotion, in contrast to the Hebbian plasticity associated with learning and memory. TNF-α and microRNAs are important mediators of homeostatic synaptic plasticity.
What is Heterosynaptic facilitation?
Heterosynaptic facilitation was defined as an increase of amplitude of a test excitatory post-synaptic potential (EPSP) after the activation of a pathway (heterosynaptic pathway) different from that which produced the test EPSP.
What is long term depression?
Persistent depressive disorder, also called dysthymia (dis-THIE-me-uh), is a continuous long-term (chronic) form of depression. You may lose interest in normal daily activities, feel hopeless, lack productivity, and have low self-esteem and an overall feeling of inadequacy.
What causes LTP?
Pairing presynaptic and postsynaptic activity causes LTP. Single stimuli applied to a Schaffer collateral synaptic input evokes EPSPs in the postsynaptic CA1 neuron. These stimuli alone do not elicit any change in synaptic strength. This feature of LTP is consistent with its involvement in memory formation.
What triggers LTD?
LTD is induced at corticostriatal medium spiny neuron synapses in the dorsal striatum by a high frequency stimulus coupled with postsynaptic depolarization, coactivation of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and group I mGlu receptors, lack of NMDA receptor activation, and endocannabinoid activation.
What is pre and post synaptic inhibition?
The physiological difference between pre- and postsynaptic inhibition is that presynaptic inhibition indirectly inhibits the activity of PNs by regulating the release probability of the ORN-PN synapses while postsynaptic inhibition directly inhibits the activity of PNs by hyperpolarizing the membrane potential of PNs.